Zhang Jun, president of the Supreme People’s Court (SPC), delivered a work report at the second plenary meeting of the fourth session of the 14th National People’s Congress (NPC) in Beijing.
According to the report, in 2025, the SPC accepted 29,154 cases, down 16.5% from the previous year, and concluded 31,958 cases, a 1.8% decrease year on year. Local courts at various levels handled more than 37 million cases and concluded more than 36 million cases, representing year-on-year increases of 10.8% and 8.9%, respectively.
The report summarizes the major legal efforts undertaken over the past year.
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Safeguarding national security
In the past year, China severely punished diehard separatists seeking “Taiwan independence” in an effort to safeguard national security and effectively enforced the Anti-Secession Law, the work report said.
Crackdown on corruption
China stepped up its efforts to fight corruption in 2025, concluding 36,000 cases involving duty-related crimes such as corruption and bribery, up 22.4% year on year, according to the report.
The report also highlights coordinated efforts to hunt down corrupt officials who fled overseas and strengthened cross-border anti-corruption governance, which led to the seizure or confiscation of 18.14 billion yuan (about $2.63 billion) in illicit gains over the past year.
Enhanced judicial protection of IPRs
The report noted that China has strengthened judicial protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) as part of its broader push for sci-tech self-reliance and strength over the past year.
Chinese courts imposed penalties on about 19,000 individuals for IPR infringement crimes in 2025, marking a year-on-year increase of 6.2%, according to the report.
Cybersecurity crime cases
China’s courts concluded 9,326 cases involving crimes endangering cybersecurity over the past five years, an increase of 158.5% from the previous five-year period, and convicted 22,000 people, the work report said.
In 2025, a total of 25,000 cases involving crimes assisting cybercriminal activities were concluded, down 62% year on year, with 38,000 people penalized, the report showed.
Upholding capital market order
On the financial front, Chinese courts concluded about 25,000 cases concerning securities, futures and funds in 2025, an increase of 53.6% from a year earlier, according to the report.
Crimes such as fraudulent issuance, financial forgery and market manipulation were severely punished to protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors, the report added.
Strengthened judicial efforts to combat serious violent crimes
In 2025, Chinese courts concluded trials in about 46,000 related cases, down 7.3% from a year earlier, amid stepped-up judicial efforts to safeguard public security, the work report showed.
Over the past year, Chinese courts intensified regularized efforts to root out organized crime while cracking down on criminal gangs tied to clans and family networks in rural areas, as well as those who protect them, the report said.
Zero tolerance for crimes against minors
China’s judiciary has taken a zero-tolerance approach to crimes against minors, the report emphasized.
A total of 40,000 cases involving crimes against minors were concluded in 2025, down 1.8% year on year, with 44,000 people convicted, the work report noted.
It also highlights strengthened efforts in preventing juvenile delinquency, as well as the formation of a joint force to protect minors.
Crackdown on crimes involving new-type drugs
Chinese courts stepped up efforts to crack down on crimes involving new-type drugs in 2025, the report said.
China has seen a decline in crimes related to traditional drugs over consecutive years, according to the report.
The top court also improved efforts to distinguish illegal narcotics trafficking and legitimate drug purchases and use, and issued judicial recommendations on strengthening related oversight, the report added.
Foreign-related case rulings
Chinese courts concluded around 159,000 foreign-related cases during the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021–2025), up 66% from the previous five years, the report said.
China has effectively implemented the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law and taken strong countermeasures against illegal sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction, according to the report.
(With input from Xinhua)